The untapped potential of wind power

Wind power, with its immense capacity to generate clean, renewable energy, remains underutilised in Bangladesh's energy strategy. However, recent developments signal a shift in direction. A major offshore wind project, still in its early stages, was announced at COP28 as a collaborative initiative involving fashion brands Bestseller and H&M Group, Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners (CIP), and a local partner. This ambitious project seeks to advance sustainable energy solutions and reduce greenhouse gas emissions along the fashion industry's value chain.

According to statements from the partners, the project aims not only to stabilise the supply of renewable energy to local apparel manufacturers linked to these global fashion giants but also to significantly cut emissions-by an estimated 725,000 tonnes annually. The fashion industry is a major contributor to global emissions, with more than 70 per cent arising from upstream power generation, which is still heavily reliant on non-renewable sources like coal, oil, and gas. This initiative envisions feeding energy generated from near-shore wind turbines to the national grid. With a projected capacity of 500 MW, the project aligns with Bangladesh's goal of reducing fossil fuel dependence, fostering job creation, and enhancing energy security.

More broadly, renewable energy sources such as wind and solar require greater attention. In the case of wind power, although initial installation costs are relatively higher, operational and maintenance expenses are much lower compared to traditional energy sources. Wind energy is harnessed from the natural movement of air caused by atmospheric pressure differences-an ancient concept that has been used for centuries. Wind results from uneven heating of the Earth's surface by the sun, influenced by rotation and geographical features. Warm air rises to form low-pressure zones, while cooler air creates high-pressure areas; air flows between these zones, producing what we experience as wind.

Humans have long used wind as a resource-from traditional windmills grinding grain and pumping water to today's sophisticated wind turbines. Unlike fossil fuels, wind is inexhaustible and does not pollute the environment. Wind turbines generate electricity without releasing carbon dioxide or other harmful pollutants, making wind power one of the cleanest and most sustainable energy sources available. This positions it as a key component in global efforts to combat climate change and reduce carbon footprints.

Globally, wind power has already proven its viability. Denmark leads by example, with wind turbines providing nearly half of its electricity needs. Germany, the United States, and China have also made significant investments in wind energy. China, in particular, has the highest installed wind power capacity, while the U.S. continues to expand its offshore and onshore wind infrastructure. These countries demonstrate the practical and economic feasibility of wind energy and offer models for nations like Bangladesh to follow.

However, wind power is not without challenges. A major concern is its intermittency-wind speeds can be unpredictable and vary by region and season. To counter this, countries are investing in advanced energy storage systems and smart grid technologies to ensure consistent electricity supply regardless of wind fluctuations.

Offshore wind farms present several advantages over land-based installations. Wind speeds over water are typically stronger and more consistent, yielding higher energy outputs. Offshore projects also alleviate land-use pressures, as they do not compete with agricultural or residential land. Additionally, placing turbines near coastal urban centres reduces the need for extensive transmission infrastructure. For nations with long coastlines and growing energy needs, offshore wind represents a particularly attractive solution.

Investing in wind power also brings significant economic benefits. The sector creates employment opportunities across multiple fields, including manufacturing, construction, maintenance, and research and development. As global demand for renewable energy rises, the wind industry can become a powerful engine for job creation and economic growth. Moreover, increased reliance on domestically generated renewable energy reduces exposure to volatile global fossil fuel markets, enhancing national energy independence.

The integration of wind with other renewable sources-such as solar and hydro-can further strengthen energy systems. Hybrid setups that combine different sources ensure a more stable electricity supply. For example, during times of low wind, solar power can help bridge the gap. Such hybrid approaches are crucial for building resilient and flexible energy infrastructures, especially in regions facing climate-related uncertainties.

In light of the climate crisis, the urgency of transitioning to renewable energy has never been clearer. Wind power offers a viable, scalable, and environmentally sound alternative to fossil fuels. For Bangladesh, which is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, prioritising wind energy could have far-reaching benefits not just in reducing emissions but also in securing long-term energy sustainability.

To fully realise this potential, policymakers must act decisively. This includes facilitating investments in wind infrastructure, streamlining regulatory approvals, supporting research and development, and creating incentives for private sector participation. The success of wind energy depends on a collaborative effort between government, industry, and civil society to embrace innovation and sustainable growth.

However, for wind power to truly take root in the country's energy landscape, it must move beyond pilot projects and into the core of national energy planning. Only then can Bangladesh harness the full power of wind to build a cleaner, greener future.

wasiahmed.bd@gmail.com