Why libraries need AI now

“Gaayane Mukti, Agamir Vitti” (Knowledge is Freedom, the Foundation of the Future) is the theme of this year’s observance of National Library Day in Bangladesh. This theme captures a timeless truth with renewed urgency. In an era marked by information overload, digital disruption and rapid technological change, libraries are no longer passive storehouses of books. They are dynamic institutions that shape informed citizens, protect freedom of expression and lay the intellectual foundation of the nation. 

In this transformation, AI has emerged as a powerful catalyst offering unprecedented opportunities for libraries and librarians in Bangladesh to redefine their role in building a knowledge-based society. Most of the libraries in developed countries installed AI and brought a significant change. At the Hangzhou Public Library in China, AI-based robots and intelligent search tools help users access to information easily while allowing library staff to focus on more complex and professional tasks. Similarly, James B. Hunt Jr. Library at North Carolina State University in USA has integrated advanced technologies including automated information management and robotic book retrieval systems. As a result, a highly data-driven and technology-enabled learning environment has been established. 

Is Bangladesh ready for installing AI in Libraries? Answer is ‘No’, though it has a long tradition of four categories of libraries such as national, public, academic and special libraries. Over the last two decades, digitization initiatives, automation software and online resources have gradually entered the library ecosystem. However, the overall picture remains uneven. Many libraries still struggle with limited technological infrastructure; inadequate digital collections; shortage of skilled manpower trained in emerging technologies and low budget allocation for innovation. 

Despite these challenges, Bangladeshi librarians have consistently demonstrated professional commitment, adaptability and service-oriented attitudes. A growing numbers are trained in Library and Information Science (LIS) familiar with basic automation tools and increasingly aware of global trends such as digital libraries, open access and data-driven services. What is now required is a strategic leap and AI can provide that leap.

Time has come to assess the quality of the librarians, library collections and its services. This is fact; the quality of librarianship in Bangladesh is good. Librarians are well-versed in cataloguing, classification, reference services and user support. Collections, especially in academic and national libraries are rich in print materials, government publications and local research outputs. However, access to high-quality digital resources, smart discovery tools and personalised services remains very limited.

AI technologies can significantly enhance (a) collection, organisation, dissemination, and preservation tasks through automated metadata generation and content analysis; (b) user services through intelligent search, recommendation systems, and virtual reference; and (c) librarians’ work by augmenting their expertise, allowing them to focus on higher-level intellectual and community-oriented services rather than being replaced.

At present, AI awareness among librarians in Bangladesh is growing but still exploratory. Workshops, conferences and professional discussions increasingly address AI, machine learning, and data analytics. Yet, practical implementation is rare due to lack of policy direction, funding and structured training. The attitude of librarians toward AI is generally positive because they are aware of AI’s promises and its efficiency, relevance and global competitiveness; Librarians are also alert about ethical use of AI due to their job security and data privacy. 

How can AI-enabled libraries help build a knowledge-based society? A knowledge-based society depends on access to reliable information, critical thinking, innovation and freedom of expression. AI-enabled libraries can directly contribute to democratising access to knowledge. AI-powered search systems can overcome language, literacy and location barriers by enabling natural language queries, multilingual interfaces and voice-based access which are crucial for rural and marginalised communities.

AI tools can help librarians identify credible sources, flag misinformation and guide users toward verified knowledge, strengthening informed citizenship. AI can ensure smart recommendation systems, data analysis tools and other support services which can accelerate learning process. AI-driven libraries can personalise learning pathways, making libraries central to reskilling, upskilling and continuous education in a rapidly changing economy.

Libraries have always been guardians of intellectual freedom. In a digital age, this role becomes even more critical. The ethical use of AI can expand freedom of expression by providing inclusive platforms for diverse voices; preserving local knowledge and cultural heritage; enabling open access to information and research. By empowering citizens with knowledge, libraries help individuals think freely, quest responsibly and contribute constructively. 

What Bangladesh should do to adapt AI in Libraries? To realise the vision, a coordinated national effort is essential. Key steps include developing a National Policy on AI for Libraries; investing in capacity building for the librarians; upgrading infrastructure and digital collection; encouraging pilot projects and innovation labs; ensuring ethical and inclusive use of AI for protecting privacy, transparency and human oversight in all AI-driven services.

Finally, as Bangladesh aspires to become a smart, inclusive and knowledge-driven nation, libraries must stand at the centre of this transformation. AI is not a luxury for libraries; it is a necessity for relevance, equity and impact. By embracing AI thoughtfully and strategically, libraries can truly embody the spirit of National Library Day 2026 proving that knowledge is indeed freedom and the foundation upon which our future is built.

Dr Md Nasiruddin Mitul is a former dean at National University, Bangladesh. mitulnasiruddin@gmail.com